Power Generation

Mogelijkheden van het gebruik van auto Dynamo in Wind Turbines

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De meeste van hun tijd wind-generatoren draaien bij lage rotaties. Auto dynamo zou niet tot iets lagere snelheid van windturbines. Daarom is met behulp van een auto dynamo in windgenerator is echt een slechte optie.

De efficiëntie van de alternator zou nooit meer bereiken dan ongeveer 60%. De lagers zijn erg klein en kan niet instemmen met grote bladen betrouwbaar (ongeveer 1,5 meter diameter). De auto alternator is ontworpen als lichtgewicht en robuuste wordt de werking ervan bij zeer hoge toeren.

Hoewel een klein mes kan worden gebruikt om de alternator spin maken bij hoge toeren. Maar kleinere bladen zou vangen minder wind. Je zou moeten een hoge windsnelheid te verkrijgen noodzakelijke snelheid van de rotatie.

Gears met katrollen of andere methoden kunnen worden gebruikt om te stimuleren tpm. Maar veel van de macht wordt verspild door wrijving. Dit zou resulteren in extra kosten, verdere verliezen, toegevoegd onbetrouwbaarheid, en een vreselijk en onhandig gemaakt project.

Er is een andere mogelijkheid terugspoelen van de alternator te draaien op lagere snelheid. Maar dit betekent ook dat er meer omwentelingen van dunne draad in elke spoel. Bij deze methode cut-in rotaties zijn gedaald, maar de verliezen in de spoelen zijn ook verhoogd, dus u zou krijgen verminderde vermogen en verdere vermindering van de reeds lage efficiëntie.

Auto of vrachtwagen dynamo is een elektromagnetische apparaat. Het betekent dat gescheiden macht wordt vereist door de alternator naar het magnetisch veld te maken voor de elektromagnetische spoelen intern door middel van borstels en sleepringen.

Wind Turbine - spoelen diagram

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De alternator heeft twee 12 inch diameter rotors die elk 12 neodymium magneten schijf meet 1,47 inche in diameter en ,6 centimeter dik. Tussen de rotors is de stator bestaande uit 9 rollen van AWG # 20 draad, 200 omwentelingen per stuk. De spoelen zijn ingericht voor de productie van 3-fase ac.

Elke fase heeft 3 spoelen in serie geschakeld. Er zijn 3 volledig golf brug gelijkrichters, een voor elke fase. Ieder is geïsoleerd van de andere. Alle drie dc verholpen uitgangen met elkaar zijn verbonden parallel en het dc wordt verzonden via de kabel om de batterij bank.

De stator wordt gemaakt door sodat de spoelen tussen twee stukken van epoxy fiber glas boord, de soort gebruikt bij de vervaardiging van printplaten. De bovenste en onderste vel, elk 1 / 16 cm dik, worden bij elkaar gehouden met bouten. Ze hebben verstevigingsribben toegevoegd voor stijfheid. Power is gebracht door middel van roestvrij stalen schroeven machine.

Als u wilt er zelf een te bouwen, moet je weten het kan theoretisch 316W produceren, door de formule:

Watts = Conversie constante Betz limiet * * * efficiëntie gebied in vierkante m * wind ^ 3
In een perfect efficiënte turbine,
Watts = .05472 * 59% * 100% * 4,46 * 13 ^ 3 = 316 watt "

Circuit Diagram van Three Phase Alternator

Natuurlijk, dingen zijn verre van perfect, de jongens dat maakte deze zei dat ze kregen 70W eruit. That's pretty good! Maak een paar soortgelijke inrichtingen, zet ze op je blok en je zult nooit meer betalen voor elektriciteit weer! (meer of minder - afhankelijk van uw verbruik gewoonten). Hoe dan ook, als je woont in een gebied met hoge windsnelheden, kunnen deze apparaten kosten een 12V auto-batterijen, zodat ze je huis voor de ochtend en avond, als je terug bent van werk macht. Tijdens de nacht en de dag, accumuleren ze energie. De enige serieuze "permanente" consument zou uw koelkast.

Homemade Winding Diagrams for Car Alternator

Understanding 3 phase alternators

Word "Phase" refers to the magnets passing over the coils at different times. There are two types of wirings for alternators:

In single phase wiring, all the magnets and coils line up with each other.
In 3 phase wiring, 2 extra coils slightly out of phase with first.

There is more detailed, complex but otherwise fine examples are available at

Car alternators are considered to be a poor choice for wind turbine. However, Car alternators can be used by rewinding a 12V car alternator. with modified rotor with N42 magnets. But in this way you will get less volts than required at least 15 V at 300 rpm or even at lower speed. You need to get 5 times the number of turns on the stator with wire of a smaller gauge. Measure the diameter of the existing wire, calculate it's cross-sectional area, and find a wire 5-6 times smaller in area. That will reduce the current by the same factor.

Possibilities of Using Car Alternator in Wind Turbines

Most of their time wind generators rotate at low rotations. Car alternators would not generate anything at lower speed of wind turbines. Therefore, using a car alternator in wind generator is really a poor option.

The efficiency of alternator would never reach more than about 60 %. The bearings are very small and can not support large blades reliably (about 1.5 meters diameter). The car alternator has been designed as lightweight and robust being its functioning at very high rpm.
Although a small blade can be used to make the alternator spin at high rpm. But smaller blades would catch less wind. You would need a high wind speed to obtain necessary speed of rotation.
Gears with pulleys or other methods can be used to boost rpm. But a lot of power is wasted through friction. This would result in additional cost, further losses, added unreliability, and a horribly and awkwardly made project.
There is another possibility of rewinding the alternator to run at lower speed. But this also means that there would be more turns of thin wire in each coil. In this method cut-in rotations are decreased, but losses in the coils are also increased, thus you would get decreased power output and further reducing the already low efficiency.
Car or truck alternator is an electromagnetic device. It means that separate power is required by the alternator to make the magnetic field for its electromagnetic coils internally through brushes and slip rings.

Homemade Magnetically Levitated VAWT

This design allows you construct a Perfect Magnetically-Levitated VAWT from inexpensive components. Because this is a Mag-Lev it’s nearly almost smooth and frictionless and efficient.

Components required:

Take 3 round plates of 0.5 inch thick plywood with 3 ft diameter with a hole of 2 inch diameter in the center
Take 32 Neodynium disk magnets, N45 (Mark 16 magnets with red having North Pole and other 16 with South Pole with blue ink)
Take 4 Neodynium Torus magnets, N45 (Mark 2 magnets with red having North Pole and other 2 with South Pole with blue ink)
32 small plastic coils of Copper 14 AWG enamel insulation wire
1 Steel pipe 4 Feet long and 2 inch diameter with mountable legs
16 plastic plates, 1 Foot by 3 Foot and 0.5 inch thick
64 small right-angle mounts
128 wood screws, 0.5 inches long phillips
1 metal lock-ring torus, 2 inch diameter hole in middle with screw in from side to fix to axle

See a video for learning to assemble them at the following link:-

Hydro-turbine Testing Verdant

Verdant Enters Second Phase of Hydro-turbine Testing

Verdant Power has an ambitious hydropower plan. The company was testing an underwater turbine in the East River in New York since 2002.

A number of research organizations and leading research institutions are working on such projects, which uses the motion of Water in the East River to turn underwater, propeller-type turbines that generate power.

Two $500,000 grants for the project were awarded to Verdant from the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA). The total, three-stage project is estimated to cost $1.5 million, and NYSERDA is expected to continue supplying grants for the research and development phase.

The motion of the tides in the East River can reach 4 knots, and Verdant mounted axial flow turbines on the river bottom. First phase turbines had rotors with a 10-foot diameter, and they have been generating up to 16 kW of power. Second phase turbines have a 16-foot rotor diameter, and are designed to generate 35 kW of power. A yaw system allows the turbines to rotate on a vertical axis so they can capture energy from both the ebb and flow of the river tides.

Information gathered from the test should prove valuable to FERC in the future if Verdant decides to pursue a license for the technology. The facilities would be located in the East River off Roosevelt Island in Queens County, New York. The company's long-term proposed project would consist of 494 turbine generator units rated for 21 kW each.

Verdant Power expects to complete this $10 to 20 million East River project, including power conditioning and grid connection, by 2007. Subsequent sites will be developed in less than one year.

As the company enters into its second stage of testing they had to start thinking about the proper licensing for the power plant. Lucky for Verdant, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is on board with the plan, and has ruled that the company can continue testing without a hydropower license.

Verdant is still required to obtain the necessary federal, state and local permits before moving ahead with the planned 18-month technology test.

winding low-power alternator stator

Process for making a winding for a low-power alternator stator - Patent 4449288:

A process making it possible to manufacture and locate a winding of an undulating shape, more especially for an alternator stator of a motor vehicle.

Initially externally of the stator and for each phase, a circular flat coil is formed having the desired number of turns. This coil is then preformed, still externally of the stator, so as to give it an undulating flat star shape, whose undulations correspond to the number of poles and notches of the stator. Then this preformed coil is moved against the bundle of sheets of the stator and wires are inserted into the notches by preforming a tilting action which deforms the coil out of its plane. The apparatus for practicing the process of insertion by tilting particularly comprises a mandrel, which is introduced into the bundle of sheets along the axis of the stator.